01
Rule of Thirds
The rule of thirds states that, if you were to draw a 3×3 grid on top of your photo, the most important elements of the picture (including the subject) should fall on the lines and where they intersect
02
Symmetry
Symmetry is a very powerful visual tool – use it when you’re taking photos! Slight breaks in symmetry can be very appealing
03
Viewpoint
Consider the viewpoint in your photo – while a lot of photos are taken from eye level, consider changing the viewpoint to enhance your composition
04
Centering
The rule of centering says that when you can see symmetry, interesting patterns, or the subject takes up the entire picture, you should center it. It is not always recommended, and if centering doesn’t create an interesting effect, you should avoid it.
05
Perspective
Consider perspective while taking a photo – you can use perspective to enhance patterns and create interesting imagery for viewers. You can also use perspective to tell a story and create strong compositions.
Some Examples of Applying the Basic Principles
What did we adjust?
First, we zoomed in to remove the Christmas decorations from the frame. They aren’t the focus of the photo and are distracting. In the process of doing so, we also adjusted the composition, so it follows the rule of thirds. Before, the objects were all skewed to the right side, and the left side offered little information.
What did we adjust?
By taking the photo at a later time of day, there are fewer distracting reflections in the windows. By adjusting the point of view, we create perspective and symmetry and also highlight the building’s pattern. The building is centered in the composition, strengthening its pattern as well.
